Abzu Apsu
The Primordial Water
-
Dragons of Fame Apsu
Source: https://www.blackdrago.com/fame/apsu.htm
Over time, Apsu gained many names. In one of his original incarnations, the dragon was feminine, which was why he had the name Zigarun, which was Akkadian for "The Mother who has Begotten Heaven and Earth."
-
Apsu was another Akkadian name, and he was also known as Apason and Rishtu. In Assyro-Babylonian mythology, he was known as Apzu, in Sumerian mythology, Abzu. To the Babylonians, he was Aphson.
-
According to the ancient wisdom of Mesopotamia, all life came from the water. At first, Apsu was perceived as a feminine entity, but he later became a personal god, the husband-dragon of Tiamat and the father of the first deities. Apsu was the personification of the sweet water ocean that ran under the earth, for he was the ruler of all fresh water.
-
In the great creation myth recounted in the Enuma Elish, in the beginning, there was no earth or sky, only the waste and confusion of the primordial oceans existed. Apsu was the sweet water that encircled the earth, and he fused with the female principle, Tiamat, the personification of salt water. This was the beginning of creation:
-
“When sweet and bitter mingled together,
No reed was plaited, no rushes muddied the water,
The gods were nameless, natureless, futureless,
...from Apsu and Tiamat,
in the waters gods were created,
in the waters silt precipitated.” - Enuma Elish
-
As their children, the gods, flourished, their numbers increased, and they attempted to make order from the primordial chaos.
-
In some accounts, Apsu and Tiamat could not bear the noise and uproar caused by the younger gods, and so Apsu planned to eliminate them. But other versions claimed that the rebelliousness of the new deities angered Apsu and his wife or that Apsu overheard his children plotting to kill him.
-
Whatever the cause for his alarm, Apsu decided to stop his children, and he and his wife called upon Mummu for assistance. Tiamat, despite her anger, declined to kill her descendants when Mummu and Apsu joined forces.
-
Thus, the struggle between the old, primordial deities and the new order began. In the Babylonian creation epic, Enki killed Apsu with either magic weapons or a magic incantation, then locked Mummu away. In other versions, Enki cast a spell on Apsu, setting him into a deep sleep, so that the deity could kill the monstrous dragon-god.
-
In wake of his victory, Enki established his new home on the corpse of Apsu. He lived in his new abode thereafter with his spouse, Damkina (Ninhursag), and there they became parents of the deity Marduk.
Read More Enki God of Water Lord of The Earth click
Read More Enlil God of Air Storm King of The Gods click
Read More Ninhursag Lady of The Mountain Goddess of Fertility click
-
“Pulled down the bar and posted guards.
He squared Apsu's quarter, the abode of Nudimmud,
As the lord measured the dimensions of Apsu.
The Great Abode, its likeness, he fixed as Esharra,
The Great Abode, Esharra, which he made as the firmament.
Anu, Enlil, and Ea he made occupy their places.” - Enuma Elish
-
Other versions attribute the restructuring of Apsu to Marduk, who kept Apsu at his foot after defeating Tiamat in battle. Apsu's death caused his wife Tiamat to revolt with an army of monsters and renegade gods to avenge her spouse's death.
-
Apsu as a Sacred Place
The word 'apsu' sometimes referred to a sacred place in the watery depths, where Apsu the dragon dwelled and later the god Enki resided. As a place name, apsu was used to refer to the extensive sweet waters that produced the southern Mesopotamian marshlands when it became the home to the wise god Enki and the birthplace of Marduk. In one Sumerian myth, apsu was a river or sea from which Enki gathered clay and shaped the deities; in another, it was where the goddesss Nammu formed the first human being from clay.
Read More Inanna Ishtar The Queen of Heaven click
Read More Ereshkigal Queen of The Underworld Irkalla click
Read More Apkallu Saptarishis The Seven Sages Angels click
Read More Sebitti The Seven Gods Children of The Anunnaki The Seven Evil Spirits click
Source: https://www.artstation.com/artwork/b5Xneg
Pictures Videos Music and Additional Reading
Abzu
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzu
-
The Abzu or Apsu (Sumerian: 𒀊𒍪 abzu; Akkadian: apsû), also called engur (Cuneiform:𒇉, LAGAB×HAL; Sumerian: engur; Akkadian: engurru—lit. ab='water' zu='deep', recorded in Greek as Ἀπασών Apasṓn), is the name for fresh water from underground aquifers which was given a religious fertilising quality in Sumerian and Akkadian mythology. Lakes, springs, rivers, wells, and other sources of fresh water were thought to draw their water from the abzu. In Sumerian and Akkadian mythology, it is referred to as the primeval sea below the void space of the underworld (Kur) and the earth (Ma) above.
-
Sumerian culture
In the city of Eridu, Enki's temple was known as E-abzu (house of the deep waters) and was located at the edge of a swamp, an abzu. Certain tanks of holy water in Babylonian and Assyrian temple courtyards were also called abzu (apsû). Typical in religious washing, these tanks were similar to Judaism's mikvot, the washing pools of Islamic mosques, or the baptismal font in Christian churches.
-
Sumerian Cosmology
The Sumerian god Enki (Ea in the Akkadian language) was believed to have lived in the abzu since before human beings were created. His wife Damgalnuna, his mother Nammu, his advisor Isimud and a variety of subservient creatures, such as the gatekeeper Lahmu, also lived in the abzu.
-
As a Deity
Abzu (apsû) is depicted as a deity only in the Babylonian creation epic, the Enūma Eliš, taken from the library of Assurbanipal (c. 630 BCE) but which is about 500 years older. In this story, he was a primal being made of fresh water and a lover to another primal deity, Tiamat, a creature of salt water. The Enūma Eliš begins:
-
"When above the heavens (e-nu-ma e-liš) did not yet exist nor the earth below, Apsu the freshwater ocean was there, the first, the begetter, and Tiamat, the saltwater sea, she who bore them all; they were still mixing their waters, and no pasture land had yet been formed, nor even a reed marsh."
-
This resulted in the birth of the younger gods, who later murdered Apsu in order to usurp his lordship of the universe. Enraged, Tiamat gives birth to the first dragons, filling their bodies with "venom instead of blood", and made war upon her treacherous children, only to be slain by Marduk, the god of Storms, who then forms the heavens and earth from her corpse.
Berossus cites fish-man, Oannes, who imparted "wisdom and knowledge" to mankind (rather like Adam imparts knowledge of good and evil to mankind), is Sumerian U-an, Adapa's Sumerian name:
"...Adapa (Read More Adapa Son of Enki First Apkallu Click), one of the Seven Sages ...They often appear in magic texts and incantations as the abgal (Akkadian apkallu), fish-like creatures under the command of Enki/Ea. The masks worn by some priests represented on seals and a number of Assyrian reliefs are connected with the power of the Apkallu to ward off evil. They were personified as traditionally seven 'culture heroes', sent by Ea to teach mankind the arts of civilization. In the late Babylonian compositon known as the Erra epic. they are called 'the seven sages' of the Apsu, the pure paradu fish, who, just as their lord Ea, have been endowed with sublime wisdom.”